Recovery from Social and Performance Anxiety
and Related Conditions
Robert F Mullen, PhD
Director/ReChanneling
For each new subscriber, ReChanneling donates $25 for workshop scholarships.

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Events
September 2026: Guest Blog – Wild Ink Publishing
October 22, 2026: 1,000 readers in Wanstead, EnglandOctober 23, 2026: Conversation with Ari Shapiro
November 3, 2026: 3,200 readers in London
November 10, 2026: 1952 readers in Pasadena
November 14, 2026: 1,800 readers in St. Paul, MN
November 23, 2026: The Bobby Jones Show; TN & NJ
November 24, 2026: 1,200 readers in Branford, CT.
TBD: 1767 readers in Liverpool
TBD: 8,300 readers in San Diego, CA
TBD: Return engagement with Ari Shapiro
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Social Anxiety’s Defense Mechanisms, Part 2
We continue our overview of the eight most prevalent defense mechanisms used by people experiencing social anxiety. Last week, we tackled:
- avoidance (e.g., evading thoughts, feelings, or situations that cause anxiety or discomfort),
- compensation (e.g., overachieving to hide feelings of inadequacy),
- denial (e.g., refusing to acknowledge a problem),
- displacement (e.g., taking frustrations out on others),
This week we examine the remaining four:
- dissociation (e.g., mentally and emotionally distancing ourselves from unpleasant situations),
- projection (e.g., attributing our flaws to others),
- rationalization (e.g., justifying uncomfortable or inappropriate feelings or behaviors with seemingly logical explanations),
- and the related triad of repression, suppression, and regression.
The self-sabotaging thoughts and behaviors caused by our condition can be difficult for our minds to manage. To cope, we develop defense mechanisms—unconscious strategies that protect our well-being from emotional turmoil.
Defense mechanisms are healthy when used to manage our emotional well-being, but they become problematic when we rely on them to avoid reality. Recovery involves examining and understanding how these strategies sustain our irrational thoughts and behaviors.
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It is one of the best investments I have made in myself, and I will
continue to improve and benefit from it for the rest of my life. – Nick P.
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DISSOCIATION
An essential part of recovery is distancing ourselves from our condition—stepping outside the bullseye, as it were. As long as we remain entwined with our social anxiety disorder, we tend to see ourselves as helpless, hopeless, undesirable, and worthless. These core beliefs, identified by the pioneer of cognitive-behavioral therapy, Dr. Aaron Beck, and expanded upon in our workshops, contribute to our social anxiety and depression.
Traditionally, dissociation is an unconscious disconnection from reality. It allows individuals to mitigate the effects of trauma by severing specific mental connections. Theoretically, our minds unconsciously block memories, emotions, thoughts, and impulses that threaten our emotional well-being.
For instance, a person who has experienced a traumatic event might dissociate from triggers that could rekindle the trauma, effectively ‘shutting off’ the emotions and memories associated with the event.
Dissociation can present itself as depersonalization (self-detachment) or derealization (environmental detachment).
In recovery, we view dissociation on a spectrum. On one end, daydreaming or watching television to avoid conflict is a harmless form of dissociation, while at the other end we find the development of multiple personalities; a psychosis called DID (dissociative identity disorder) requires specialized treatment.
Our first exercise in our book, A Survivor’s Common Sense Approach to Recovery from Social Anxiety, was to begin to dissociate ourselves from our social anxiety. We learn to define ourselves by our character strengths, such as kindness, fairness, creativity, and optimism, rather than by the symptoms of our condition. We are not our social anxiety. We are intelligent and resilient individuals experiencing the reparable symptoms of social anxiety.
This shift in self-appraisal enables us to take control of our condition, which significantly weakens it.
Uncoupling from our condition lets us objectively analyze negative thoughts and behaviors, enabling us to respond rationally and productively. By consciously disassociating, we can deactivate the self-destructive aspects of our condition and activate our strengths, virtues, attributes, and accomplishments. This encourages us to focus on the positive aspects of our character, thereby overriding the negative self-appraisals triggered by our social anxiety.
We are not our social anxiety. When we break a leg, we don’t become the broken limb; we experience the pain of a broken bone. The same logic applies to our condition. We are not our symptoms or traits. We are individuals experiencing the distress of a devious and powerful mental health condition. This understanding frees us from the shackles of our condition, enabling us to thrive and recover.
PROJECTION
Projection is a psychological defense mechanism in which we attribute our undesirable thoughts, feelings, impulses, or behaviors to another person or group to avoid confronting and dealing with them.
When we project, we subconsciously deny certain negative character traits in ourselves while recognizing or creating them in others. For example, we might project our fear of negative evaluation by ridiculing someone else’s inept attempt at socializing. Or if we carry repressed anger to a company event, we might perceive others as belligerent and aggressive rather than acknowledging our own hostility.
Projection serves as a protective shield for our emotional well-being, offering relief from anxiety-provoking thoughts or feelings. By attributing our problems to someone or something else, we create a safe distance from what distresses us about ourselves.
For instance, someone who is dishonest might constantly suspect others of lying, or the bar patron on his fifth scotch might criticize the obvious inebriation of the person at the other end of the bar.
Often, when we instinctively dislike or avoid someone, we unconsciously project our disagreeable traits and impulses onto them.
Psychological projection occurs when we are unable or unwilling to take responsibility for our fears, anxieties, prejudices, and irrational thoughts and behaviors. It is easier to recognize negative emotions in others than to acknowledge them in ourselves.
Like many defense mechanisms, projection may be healthy in the short term; however, recovery compels us to address the causes of our projection.
The long-term effects of persistent anxiety projection are detrimental to our health and may exacerbate the traditional symptoms of our social anxiety, including chronic stress, the constant influx of fear- and anxiety-provoking hormones, and decreased or stagnant self-esteem.
Anxiety Projection
Anxiety projection is particularly relevant to our condition. Unconsciously projecting our anxious thoughts, feelings, or impulses onto others or onto external situations helps us cope with emotions that threaten our emotional stability. Rather than acknowledging our fears or insecurities, we deny them by attributing them to external sources.
The traits that lead to anxiety projection are common in social anxiety. They include social avoidance, overthinking, perfectionism, porous emotional boundaries, and codependency. Recognizing these traits can help us better understand and manage our condition, knowing that we are not alone in this struggle.
Socially, projected anxiety can create a cycle of misunderstanding and conflict. For instance, someone projecting their insecurities might accuse their partner of being unfaithful without evidence, which can easily lead to relationship conflict. We tend to avoid companionship and intimacy in anticipation of rejection. Projecting these fears allows us to evade responsibility.
Practical strategies for managing anxiety projection are within our reach. They focus on increasing self-awareness, challenging cognitive distortions, and reframing our fears and self-appraisals. By implementing these strategies, we learn to manage our issues rather than projecting them onto an unsuspecting external source.
RATIONALIZATION
Rationalization is not the same as rational thought or rational coping statements, which are logical, self-affirming responses to our automatic negative and intrusive thoughts and other irrational and destructive self-appraisals that threaten our emotional well-being.
Rationalization is a defense strategy in which we justify uncomfortable or inappropriate feelings or behaviors with allegedly logical explanations rather than acknowledging the actual reason behind them.
In essence, we deny or distort reality (attributes of cognitive distortions) to reduce our emotional discomfort and self-disappointment by inventing a plausible excuse that masks the real explanation for our behavior or feelings.
For example, if we are socially rejected, we might convince ourselves that the person is already in a relationship. If our presentation is substandard, we blame the lighting and tech.
These excuses shield us from self-recrimination, blame, and disappointment.
Rationalization allows us to reframe our actions or feelings in a more socially and personally acceptable way, protecting our self-esteem and avoiding emotions that challenge our self-image. Psychologists consider defense mechanisms such as rationalization and projection to be unconscious strategies that protect us from threats to our self-esteem.
Although rationalizations misrepresent our true motivations, they protect us from the shame, guilt, or anxiety we might feel when we fail to fulfill our true intentions. Rationalization plays a crucial role in maintaining our emotional stability by revising our interpretations of outcomes.
We rationalize our thoughts and behaviors to make them more acceptable, shielding us from negative self-appraisal and helping us maintain a positive self-image. This reassurance is a key function of rationalization.
We rationalize to protect our self-esteem and maintain a positive outlook, and in the short term, this provides comforting relief. It helps us alleviate stress until we are better equipped to process our motivations.
However, excessive use of rationalization can lead to further problems. Denying, ignoring, or subordinating the truth of a traumatic situation, whether consciously or unconsciously, prevents us from honestly evaluating our reactions and responses and from making positive changes.
Deflecting Responsibility
When we experience anxiety or guilt about our actions, rationalization offers an emotional escape. It replaces discomfort with emotionally acceptable explanations, but it also enables us to evade responsibility for the outcome, which is a crucial point to consider.
An excellent example of rationalization is the dieter who opts out of the recommended exercise regimen because it is too time-consuming and because they have failed at in the past — so what’s the point?
Rationalization versus Lying
It’s important to distinguish between rationalization and deception. While lying is a deliberate attempt to mislead, rationalization is a largely or entirely unconscious strategy. Both conceal the truth and mask our real motives.
Rationalization, in its various forms—such as minimizing, deflecting, blaming, and attacking—is a common human experience. We’ve all been in situations where we downplay a task’s importance, shift blame to others, or make excuses for our actions. Rationalization is a natural defense mechanism that keeps us from taking responsibility and shields us from feelings that could challenge our self-esteem.
While it defends against distressing thoughts, erratic behavior, and failed outcomes, rationalization sidesteps the deeper problems that require attention.
A Survivor’s Common Sense Approach
to Recovery from Social Anxiety
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REPRESSION, SUPPRESSION, REGRESSION
Repression
Repression operates at the deepest level of our unconscious mind. It’s a process in which we unknowingly suppress traumatic memories or thoughts that our minds find too difficult to handle. In psychology, repression is the process of keeping specific thoughts, memories, or feelings from surfacing into conscious awareness.
While repression may shield us from immediate distress, it’s crucial to understand that it can lead to enduring psychological issues. These memories, buried in our unconscious, subtly shape our thoughts and actions.
For instance, a repressed memory of a past failure could breed self-doubt in similar situations, or a buried traumatic event might steer us away from specific triggers without our conscious knowledge.
These occurrences can trigger anxiety, stress, and depression, underscoring the profound and potentially long-term implications of repression for our mental health. It’s essential to address these issues to prevent them from developing into enduring psychological problems.
Suppression
Suppression is a voluntary form of repression. It’s a conscious choice to set aside painful thoughts and memories to address them at a more appropriate time. This conscious control over our thoughts and emotions is a powerful tool in recovery, as it allows us to resolve the issues we have temporarily suppressed.
Understanding the distinction between suppression and dissociation in recovery is essential. Suppression is a conscious choice to postpone dealing with specific distressing thoughts and behaviors. Dissociation, as used in recovery, is a conscious decision to mentally separate ourselves from the symptoms of our condition so we can address them dispassionately and objectively.
Understanding these nuances can provide deeper insight into our psychological processes during recovery, making us more knowledgeable and better equipped to handle our emotional issues.
Repression is often confused with denial, a defense strategy in which we refuse to admit unacceptable thoughts and behaviors, even in the face of evidence to the contrary. Denial involves a conscious refusal to accept the truth.
For example, a person in denial about their addiction may refuse to acknowledge their problem despite clear evidence.
Repression, on the other hand, involves the unconscious dismissal of thoughts. It’s the mind’s way of protecting us from overwhelming trauma by pushing it out of conscious awareness.
Regression
We sometimes conflate regression with repression. Regression is reverting to an earlier or less mature stage of psychological development, where we feel safe from emotional conflict. Repression is the unconscious attempt to forget or block distressing memories, thoughts, or desires.
Both are psychological mechanisms for unconsciously forgetting or blocking distressing memories, thoughts, or desires. However, regression is a serious psychological issue that requires more specialized treatment, which a traditional recovery program does not provide.
A primary objective of a treatment program is to unblock these memories and emotions to address the root causes of our unconscious unwillingness or inability to confront distressing or traumatic events or situations.
Certain aspects of our person are broken. It is impossible to fix something broken unless we clearly understand its causes. It’s like a novice car mechanic attempting to rebuild a transmission without knowing the basics of engine operation.
How do we identify the defense strategy we use to avoid dealing with an uncomfortable or unmanageable issue? It’s like recognizing an unfamiliar face in a crowd. You may not be able to explain precisely how you know, but you do.
Similarly, we often recognize our defense mechanisms when we see them in action. This underscores the importance of self-awareness in identifying, understanding, and accepting why we use certain defense mechanisms to avoid confronting the true nature of our traumatic thoughts and experiences.
This correctly suggests that increased self-awareness is necessary to identify, understand, and accept our use of defense mechanisms to avoid confronting the true nature of our traumatic thoughts and experiences. During recovery, we learn specific coping strategies that reduce our emotional reliance on defense mechanisms.
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Book Review
OVERCOMING SOCIAL ANXIETY STEP BY STEP
By Thomas A. Richards, PhD.
Director of The Social Anxiety Institute in Phoenix, which has been offering its own brand of therapy and workshops for over thirty years. Dr. Richards provides a comprehensive and easily digestible manual covering the many tools and techniques used for recovery from social anxiety.
While his presentation of recovery strategies and overview of self-directed neuroplasticity are limited, Richards offsets this with clear, meticulous explanations of each clinical procedure. Unlike A Survivor’s Common Sense Approach to Recovery from Social Anxiety, the author doesn’t dwell on client and personal stories and anecdotes, nor does he propose a linear recovery program. Instead, he describes each technique and its application in meticulous, extensive detail.
I highly recommend Overcoming Social Anxiety Step by Step as an excellent companion piece to my book. If my presentation of certain recovery methods is lacking or ambiguous, this book clarifies them. While I digress into personal and client experiences, Dr. Richards provides solid, easily understood descriptions of the tools and techniques clinicians recommend for recovery.
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Other Recommended Books from Clients and Colleagues
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INDIVIDUAL RECOVERY. The symptoms of social anxiety make it challenging for some to participate in a collective workshop. Dr. Mullen works one-on-one with a select group of individuals uneasy in a group setting. ReChanneling offers scholarships to accommodate the costs. What is absent in group activities is provided in our monthly Graduate Recovery Group. In this supportive community, graduates interact with others who have completed the program. Contact ‘rmullenphd@gmail.com’
ReChanneling develops and implements programs to (1) reduce symptoms of social anxiety and related conditions and (2) pursue personal goals and objectives — harnessing our natural ability for extraordinary living. Our core approach focuses on personality through empathy, collaboration, and program integration, using neuroscience and psychology, including proactive neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral therapy, positive psychology, and techniques to rebuild self-esteem. All donations go toward scholarships for groups and workshops.








































