All of us who keep ReChanneling running smoothly would like to wish our subscribers, clients, colleagues, and friends a healthy and productive 2026.
Some updates for the new year.
We are still in the process of finalizing, with the publisher, the editing of our upcoming book, A Survivor’s Common-Sense Approach to Recovery from Social Anxiety. Accounting for the average schedule to edit and get to print, we hope to make this book available sometime in the early spring.
Upcoming Workshops, Updates, and Scholarships
Group and Workshop Opportunities
Once the book is published, we will once again offer groups and recovery workshops specifically designed for individuals dealing with social anxiety and its comorbidities. Our commitment includes continuing online support groups and workshops. We are also considering reinstating site workshops to be held in the San Francisco Bay Area.
If your group or organization is interested in sponsoring a seminar or workshop outside the Bay Area, we are eager to collaborate and bring our programs to your location.
Weekly Updates ad Posts
We also plan to resume our regular schedule of weekly updates and posts, keeping everyone informed and engaged with the latest news and resources.
Scholarship Fund Growth
Finally, we are pleased to announce that our scholarship funds have now grown to $4,575.
Dr. Mullen is doing impressive work helping the world. He is the pioneer of proactive neuroplasticity, utilizing DRNI – deliberate, repetitive, neural information. – WeVoice (Madrid, Málaga)
The Importance of Journaling in the Recovery Process
The following information is well covered in our upcoming book.
Keeping a written or electronic journal plays a crucial role in the recovery journey. Journaling is much more than simply jotting down random thoughts or notes—it is a thoughtful and intentional practice that encourages both personal growth and self-reflection. Journaling helps us broaden our self-awareness through regular reflection and honest expression.
By recording our experiences and examining how our condition affects us personally, we can shape our own story and actively participate in our healing process.
How Journaling Impacts the Brain
Scientific studies have shown that journaling activates several vital areas of the brain. One of these is the prefrontal cortex, which governs rational thinking and decision-making. Journaling also influences the limbic system, a central region that helps manage our emotions.
Journaling contributes to the rewiring of our neural pathways—a process known as neuroplasticity. This change is fundamental to recovery because it helps establish healthier patterns of thought and behavior.
Writing provides a safe and dependable outlet for complete self-expression. It allows us to communicate our thoughts and feelings without fear of interruption or criticism, creating a private space to explore and understand ourselves more deeply.
It is one of the best investments I have made in myself, and I will continue to improve and benefit from it for the rest of my life. – Nick P.
Other Benefits of Journaling
Physical Benefits
Journaling offers a range of physical health benefits. For instance, writing before bedtime can help us fall asleep more quickly. By focusing on worries or creating a to-do list, we may improve the overall quality of our sleep experience.
Studies have also found that writing and gratitude journaling can strengthen our body’s immune function.
Additionally, research links journaling to improved overall physical and mental wellness, with enhanced physical functioning observed among medical populations.
Mental Benefits
Journaling can be a powerful tool for managing mental health. Expressive writing, for example, is shown to effectively reduce symptoms of depression.
Journaling can also alleviate symptoms of anxiety, especially through “positive affect journaling,” which focuses on positive emotions.
Certain journaling practices have been shown to help reduce stress. One study found that burnout and compassion fatigue rates decreased significantly among nurses who participated in a series of journaling classes.
Narrative writing, which involves writing about traumatic events, has been shown to reduce symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Journaling can also help us develop self-distance—the ability to reflect on past events and emotions as an objective observer. This skill reduces emotional reactivity and physical distress.
The act of writing about experiences and reflecting on them has proven helpful in mental health settings, facilitating recovery and improving self-awareness.
Journaling can boost emotional intelligence by increasing our awareness of personal emotions and feelings, whether we are in therapy or journaling independently.
A specific method called “reflective practice journaling” (RPJ) has been linked to improved self-confidence, self-knowledge, and coping skills, especially among nursing students.
Classroom journaling and expressive writing have also contributed to greater self-efficacy and a stronger sense of self-control, fostering personal growth.
Academic Benefits
Journaling can enhance academic performance in several ways. Reflective journaling has been shown to improve critical thinking skills in both nursing faculty and students.
Journaling as a meditative activity can inspire creativity, boost personal growth, and increase emotional awareness.
When journaling includes writing down goals, it may help increase our chances of achieving them, as found in multiple studies.
If our journaling practice combines drawing with writing, we may experience better recall of events compared to writing alone, according to a 2022 report.
Finally, a 2022 study found that regular journaling helps improve study habits, prioritize tasks, and boost overall productivity, thereby strengthening academic performance.
WHY IS YOUR SUPPORT SO NECESSARY? ReChanneling develops and conducts programs to alleviate the symptoms of social anxiety and help individuals tap into their innate potential for extraordinary living. Our unique approach focuses on understanding personality through empathy and collaboration, integrating neuroscience and psychology. This includes proactive neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral modification, positive psychology, and techniques designed to reclaim and rebuild self-esteem. Every contribution, no matter the size, supports individuals striving to make a positive change in their own lives and the lives of others. All donations go towards scholarships for groups and workshops.
INDIVIDUAL RECOVERY. The symptoms of social anxiety make it challenging for some to participate in a collective workshop. Dr. Mullen works one-on-one with a select group of individuals who are uneasy in group settings. ReChanneling offers scholarships to accommodate the costs. What is absent in group activities is provided in our monthly Graduate Recovery Group. In this supportive community, graduates interact with others who have completed the program. Contact ‘rmullenphd@gmail.com’.
Committing to recovery is one of the hardest things you will ever do. It takes enormous courage and the realization that you are of value, consequential, and deserving of happiness.
Growth, Learning, and Patience on the Path to Overcoming Social Anxiety
Robert F. Mullen, PhD Director/ReChanneling
For each new subscriber, ReChanneling donates $25 for workshop scholarships.
AI Generated: Understanding Setbacks in Recovery
Our upcoming book, A Survivor’s Common-Sense Approach to Recovery from Social Anxiety, is with the publisher. Publication is anticipated for February 2026.
Recovery from social anxiety and its comorbidities is often an exacting process. The challenges arise from our natural resistance to change and the complexity involved in learning new patterns of thought and behavior.
Successful recovery requires heightened awareness—recognizing, comprehending, and accepting not only new terms and concepts, but also our personal transformation.
Taking Breaks: Not a Setback, But a Step Forward
It’s essential to understand that stepping back from this intensive learning process does not mean we’re failing to grasp its complexities. On the contrary, taking breaks is a crucial aspect of the journey. These periods of rest allow us to return to our recovery with renewed clarity and deeper understanding.
Embracing Setbacks
Setbacks are inevitable; we should expect and welcome them. They are not signs of defeat, but rather an integral part of the learning process. There is no need to feel overwhelmed or to doubt our ability to learn. Instead, recognize that setbacks are simply waypoints along the journey, not the final destination.
The Continual Nature of Learning
Learning and growth persist even during interruptions or detours. Our neural networks are constantly operating, whether we are awake, asleep, or engaged in other activities. The process of change does not halt when we pause our conscious efforts; our brains continue working in the background, doing what they do best: processing, organizing, and retaining information.
Dr. Mullen is doing impressive work helping the world. He is the pioneer of proactive neuroplasticity, utilizing DRNI – deliberate, repetitive, neural information. – WeVoice (Madrid, Málaga)
Retention of Progress
Although stress or cognitive neglect may temporarily disrupt our neural circuits, the knowledge and progress we have gained remain accessible—except in extreme cases of advanced neural atrophy. While we may sometimes compartmentalize or misplace information, we cannot truly lose it. The evolution of our neural network is a forward-moving process.
Once we begin the journey of recovery, the skills and insights we acquire are ours to keep. Recovery is not just about fixing what was wrong, but about ongoing growth and learning. The progress we make cannot be unlearned.
Patience and Perseverance
It is perfectly acceptable to take time away from active recovery practices. Setbacks, obstacles, and unexpected detours are a natural part of the recovery path, and we can still reach our goals despite these meanderings.
Recovery is not a quick fix; it is a gradual process that begins immediately and grows both incrementally and exponentially. There is no instant cure for social anxiety, and prescription medications do not offer a permanent solution. Actual change comes from persistent effort and ongoing self-development.
Focusing on Progress
Rather than striving for perfection, which is unattainable, we should focus on daily progress. Each step forward, no matter how small, contributes to the overall journey of recovery.
It is one of the best investments I have made in myself, and I will continue to improve and benefit from it for the rest of my life. – Nick P.
The Importance of Practice and Time
Many individuals have lived with social anxiety for decades, so it is only natural that recovery will take time and practice. Patience and perseverance are essential. Just as champions train for years and musicians dedicate countless hours to their craft, overcoming social anxiety requires sustained effort. As Lao Tzu wisely reminds us, “The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”
Put down the book or the practice sessions and allow yourself a well-deserved rest. Set aside a couple of days to step back from your current routine and reward yourself for all the effort and hard work you have invested.
Allowing yourself this time off enables your neural network to process and integrate the work you’ve done. Let your brain do the heavy lifting while you enjoy your break.
Taking Time to Rest and Recharge
After investing significant energy and dedication into your recovery journey, it is important to recognize when you need a break. . Take a couple of days to step back from your current routine and acknowledge all the effort you have put in by rewarding yourself.
Engaging in Enjoyable Activities
During this break, focus on activities that bring you happiness and relaxation. Choose to engage in a favorite hobby or pursue something that you genuinely enjoy. Whether you decide to go to a movie, spend quality time with friends, or simply rest and recharge at home, give yourself permission to unwind and let go of any pressures.
Integrating Progress Through Rest
Giving yourself this time off allows your neural network to process and integrate the work you’ve accomplished. Let your brain do the heavy lifting while you take this necessary break, knowing that rest and self-care are essential parts of your ongoing progress.
WHY IS YOUR SUPPORT SO NECESSARY? ReChanneling develops and conducts programs to alleviate the symptoms of social anxiety and help individuals tap into their innate potential for extraordinary living. Our unique approach focuses on understanding personality through empathy and collaboration, integrating neuroscience and psychology. This includes proactive neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral modification, positive psychology, and techniques designed to reclaim and rebuild self-esteem. Every contribution, no matter the size, supports individuals striving to make a positive change in their own lives and the lives of others. All donations go towards scholarships for groups and workshops.
INDIVIDUAL RECOVERY. The symptoms of social anxiety make it challenging for some to participate in a collective workshop. Dr. Mullen works one-on-one with a select group of individuals who are uneasy in group settings. ReChanneling offers scholarships to accommodate the costs. What is absent in group activities is provided in our monthly Graduate Recovery Group. In this supportive community, graduates interact with others who have completed the program. Contact ‘rmullenphd@gmail.com’.
Committing to recovery is one of the hardest things you will ever do. It takes enormous courage and the realization that you are of value, consequential, and deserving of happiness.
For each new subscriber, ReChanneling donates $25 for workshop scholarships.
AI Generated: Table of Contents | Publishing Update
Publishing Update
We forwarded our book, A Survivor’s Common-Sense Approach to Recovery from Social Anxiety to the publisher. At this stage, we do not yet have an estimated release date.
The publisher has asked us to refrain from sharing any of the book’s content until we receive formal approval. However, we are permitted to publish the table of contents, which should give readers a general idea of what to expect in the book.
Caveat
The primary distinction between social anxiety and social anxiety disorder lies in the severity of symptoms experienced. Not everyone is affected in the same way.The intensity and persistence of symptoms can vary greatly from person to person. Although the characteristics and traits of these conditions may appear similar across individuals, each person’s experience is shaped by a unique combination of environment, life experiences, and the diversity of human thought and behavior.
Additionally, it is important to recognize that comorbidities—other mental health conditions that occur alongside social anxiety—are highly prevalent. This reality highlights the complex nature of these anxiety disorders. As such, effective recovery strategies must address not only social anxiety, social phobia, and social anxiety disorder, but also the multiple related conditions that often coexist. Throughout this book, when recovery methods are discussed for one of these conditions, they are intended to apply broadly to all three.
Dr. Mullen is doing impressive work helping the world. He is the pioneer of proactive neuroplasticity, utilizing DRNI – deliberate, repetitive, neural information. – WeVoice (Madrid, Málaga)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PART I: ACCOUNTABILITY
Chapter One: It’s Not Our Fault Chapter Two: Trust the Process Chapter Three: Always Being Right Chapter Four: The Examined Life Chapter Five: The Destructive Nature of Blame
PART II: NEUROPLASTICITY
Chapter Six: Feeding Our Neural Network Chapter Seven: The Sky is Falling Chapter Eight: Reconstructing Our Neural Network Chapter Nine: Control Fallacies Chapter Ten: Hemispheric Synchronization Chapter Eleven: Emotional Reasoning
PART III: SELF-ESTEEM
Chapter Twelve: Reclaiming and Rebuilding Our Self-Esteem Chapter Thirteen: Filtering and Polarized Thinking Chapter Fourteen: The Importance of a Character Resume Chapter Fifteen: Stop and Smell the Roses Chapter Sixteen: Defense Mechanisms and Social Anxiety Chapter Seventeen: Fallacy of Fairness and Heaven’s Reward Fallacy
PART IV: FEAR-RELATED SITUATIONS
Chapter Eighteen: Origins of Our Automatic Negative Thoughts Chapter Nineteen: Identifying Fear-Related Situations Chapter Twenty: Coping Strategies for Anticipated Situations Chapter Twenty-One: Visualization and Suggestion Chapter Twenty-Two: Fear Situation Plan
WHY IS YOUR SUPPORT SO NECESSARY? ReChanneling develops and conducts programs to alleviate the symptoms of social anxiety and help individuals tap into their innate potential for extraordinary living. Our unique approach focuses on understanding personality through empathy and collaboration, integrating neuroscience and psychology. This includes proactive neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral modification, positive psychology, and techniques designed to reclaim and rebuild self-esteem. Every contribution, no matter the size, supports individuals striving to make a positive change in their own lives and the lives of others. All donations go towards scholarships for groups and workshops.
For each new subscriber, ReChanneling donates $25 for workshop scholarships.
AI Generated: Relationships | Social Anxiety’s Failure to Establish, Develop, and Maintain Healthy Relationships. Part II
The distinction between social anxiety and social anxiety disorder is in severity. We are not all affected by the same symptoms or relentlessness. The characteristics and traits are equivalent. These conditions originate homogeneously, their trajectories differentiated by environment, experience, and the diversity of human thought and behavior. While comorbidities dramatically benefit, the recovery methods identified are for social anxiety and social anxiety disorder, and reference to one includes the other.
I recognize that I have fallen behind on my weekly posts. We have been finalizing editing of our upcoming book, A Survivor’s Common Sense Approach to Recovery from Social Anxiety, which goes to the publisher next week. Accounting for the average four-month schedule to get to print, we hope to make this book available sometime in the spring.
Social Anxiety’s Failure to Establish, Develop, and Maintain Healthy Relationships. Part II
From C.-H. Mayer and E. Vanderheiden (eds), International Handbook of Love. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. 10.1007/978-3-031-76665-7_59-1
Categories of Interpersonal Love
In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle. (1999) encapsulates love as “a sort of excess of feeling.” Utilizing the classic Greek categories of interpersonal love is vital to this study; each classification illustrates how SAD symptoms thwart the subject’s means of acquisition in seven of eight categories (except healthy philautia ).
The three primary categories, (1) philia (comradeship), (2) eros (sexual), and (3) agape (selfless and unconditional), are followed by (4) storge (family), (5) ludus (provocative), (6) pragma (practical), and the two extremes of philautia: (7) narcissistic and (8) positive self-qualities. Forms of inanimate love are excluded from this study, “including love for experiences (meraki), objects (érōs), and places (chōros)” (Lomas, 2017):
Philia
Aristotle called philia “one of the most indispensable requirements of life” (Grewal, 2016). Philia is a bonding of individuals with mutual experiences—a “warm affection in intimate friendship” (Helm, 2017). This platonic love subsists on shared experience and personal disclosure. A core symptom of a SAD person is the fear of revealing something that will make them appear “boring, stupid or incompetent” (Ades & Dias, 2013). Even the anticipation of interaction causes “significant anxiety, fear, self-consciousness, and embarrassment” (Richards, 2014) because of the fear of being scrutinized or judged by others (Mayoclinic, 2017b).
Eros
Eros is reciprocal feelings of shared arousal between people physically attracted to each other, the fulfillment declared by the sexual act. The SAD person’s self-image of undesirability and fears of intimacy (Montesi et al., 2013) and rejection (Tsitsas & Paschali, 2014) has significant consequences in terms of acquiring a sexual partner and satisfaction of the sexual act. SAD’s culture of maladaptive self-appraisal poses severe challenges to their ability to establish, develop, and maintain romantic relationships (Cuncic, 2018; Topaz, 2018). A study by Montesi et al. (2013), examining the SAD person’s symptomatic fear of intimacy and sexual communication concluded “socially anxious individuals experience less sexual satisfaction in their intimate partnerships than nonanxious individuals, a relationship that has been well documented in previous research.” The study reported a lacuna of literature, however, examining the sexual communication of SAD persons.
Agape
Through the universal mandate to love thy neighbor, the concept of agape embraces unconditional love that transcends and persists regardless of circumstance (Helm, 2017). SAD generally infects adolescents who have experienced detachment, exploitation, and or neglect (Steele, 1995). This form of love characterizes itself through unselfish giving; the SAD person’s maladaptive self-belief that she or he is the constant focus of attention is a form of self-centeredness bordering on narcissism (Mayoclinic, 2017a).
Storge
Again, the primary cause of SAD stems from childhood hereditary, environmental (Felman, 2018; NAMI, 2019), or traumatic events (Mayoclinic, 2017b). In each case, the SAD person is exploited (unconsciously or otherwise) in the formative stages of human motivational development: physiological safety, belongingness, and love (Maslow, 1943). As a result, storge or familial love and protection, vital to the healthy development of the family unit, are severely affected. The exploited adolescent (Steele, 1995) faces serious challenges recognizing or embracing familial love as an adolescent or adult.
Ludus
The SAD persons’ conflict with the provocative playfulness of ludus is evident in the fear of being judged and negatively evaluated by others (Mayoclinic, 2017b) as well as themselves (Hulme et al., 2012; Ritter et al., 2013). Persons experiencing SAD do not find social interaction pleasurable (Richards, 2019) and have limited expectations that things will work out advantageously (Mayoclinic, 2017b). Finally, SAD persons’ maladaptive self-beliefs generally result in inappropriate behavior in social situations (Kampmann et al., 2019).
Pragma
The obvious synonym for pragma is practicality—a balanced and constructive quality counterintuitive to someone whose modus operandi is discordant thought and behavior (Richards,2014; Zimmerman et al., 2010). Pragma is mutual interests and goals securing a working and endurable partnership facilitated by rational behavior and expectation. The SAD personality sustains itself through irrationality (Felman, 2018) and maladaptive self-beliefs (Hulme et al., 2012; Ritter et al., 2013). The pragmatic individual deals with relationships sensibly and realistically, conforming to typical standards. The overriding objective of a SAD person is to “avoid situations that most people consider ‘normal’” (WebMD, 2019).
Dr. Mullen is doing impressive work helping the world. He is the pioneer of proactive neuroplasticity, utilizing DRNI – deliberate, repetitive, neural information. – WeVoice (Madrid, Málaga)
The onset of SAD is a consequence of early psychophysiological disturbance (Mayoclinic, 2017a). The receptive juvenile might be the product of bullying (Felman, 2018), abuse (NAMI, 2019), or a broken home. Perhaps parental behaviors are overprotective or controlling or do not provide emotional validation (Cuncic, 2018).
Subsequently, the SAD person finds it difficult to let their guard down and express vulnerability, even with someone they love and trust (Cuncic, 2018). Alden et al. (2018) note that SAD persons “find it difficult, in their intimate relationships, to be able to self-disclose, to reciprocate the affection others show toward them.”
There is a large body of research linking love with positive mental and physical health outcomes (Rodebaugh et al., 2015). Relationships, love, and associations with others lead one to recognition of their value to society “and motivates them towards building communities, culture and work for the welfare of others” (Capon & Blakely, 2007).
Love is developed through social connectedness. Social connectedness, essential to personal development, is one of the central psychological needs “required for better psychological development and well-being” (Deci & Ryan, 2000). Social connectedness plays a significant role as mediator in the relationship between SAD and interpersonal love (Lee et al., 2008) and is strongly associated with the level of self-esteem (Fatima et al., 2018).
Philautia
The seventh and eighth categories of interpersonal love are the two extremes of philautia: narcissism and positive self-qualities. To Aristotle, healthy philautia is vigorous “in both its orientation to self and to others” due to its inherent virtue (Grewal, 2016). “By contrast, its darker variant encompasses notions such as narcissism, arrogance and egotism” (Lomas, 2017). In its positive aspect, any interactivity “has beneficial consequences, whereas in the latter case, philautia will have disastrous consequences” (Fialho, 2007):
The good man should be a lover of self (for he will both himself profit by doing noble acts, and will benefit his fellows), but the wicked man should not; for he will hurt both himself and his neighbors, following as he does evil passions. (Grewal, 2016)
Unhealthy Philautia
Unhealthy philautia is akin to borderline narcissism—a mental condition in which people function with an “inflated sense of their own importance [and a] deep need for excessive attention and admiration.” Behind this mask of extreme confidence, the Mayoclinic Report (2017a) states “lies a fragile self-esteem that’s vulnerable to the slightest criticism.” SAD persons live on the periphery of morbid self-absorption through their self-centeredness. Their obsession with excessive attention (ADAA, 2019b) mirrors that of unhealthy philautia.
In Classical Greece, persons could be accused of unhealthy philautia if they placed themselves above the greater good. Today, hubris refers to “an inflated sense of one’s status, abilities, or accomplishments, especially when accompanied by haughtiness or arrogance” (Burton, 2016). The self-centeredness and self-absorption of a SAD person often present themselves as arrogance; in fact, the words are synonymous. The critical difference is that SAD persons do not possess an inflated sense of their own importance but one of insignificance.
Healthy Philautia
Aquinas’ (1981) response to demons and disorder states “Evil cannot exist without good.” The Greeks believed that the narcissism of unhealthy philautia would not exist without its complementary opposition to healthy philautia, commonly interpreted as the self-esteeming virtue—an unfortunate and wholly incomplete definition. Rather than only focusing on self-esteem, philautia incorporates the broader spectrum of all positive self-qualities:
Rather, we are concerned here with various positive qualities prefixed by the term self, including -esteem, -efficacy, -reliance, -compassion, and -resliance. Aristotle argued in Nichomachean Ethics that self-love is a precondition for all other forms of love. (Lomas, 2017)
Positive self-qualities determine one’s relation to self, others, and the world. They recognize that one is of value, consequential, and worthy of love. “Philautia is important in every sphere of life and can be considered a basic human need” (Sharma, 2014). To the Greeks, philautia “is the root of the heart of all the other loves” (Jericho, 2015). Gadamer (2009) writes of philautia: “Thus it is; in self-love one becomes aware of the true ground and the condition for all possible bonds with others and commitment to oneself.” Healthy philautia is the love that is within oneself. It is not, explains Jericho (2015), “the desire for self and the root of selfishness.” Ethicist John Deigh (2001) writes:
Accordingly, when Aristotle remarks that a man’s friendly relations with others come from his relations with himself … he is making the point that self-love (philautia ), as the best exemplar of love … is the standard by which to judge the friendliness of the man’s relations with others.
Positive self-qualities are obscured by SAD’s culture of maladaptive self-beliefs and the interruption of the normal course of natural motivational development. Positive psychology embraces “a variety of beliefs about yourself, such as the appraisal of your own appearance, beliefs, emotions, and behaviors” (Cherry, 2019). It measures “how much a person values, approves of, appreciates, prizes, or likes him or herself” (Blascovich & Tomaka, 1991). Ritter et al. (2013) conducted a study on the relationship of SAD and self-esteem. The research concluded that SAD persons have significantly lower implicit and explicit self-esteem relative to healthy controls, which manifest in maladaptive self-beliefs of incompetence, unattractiveness, unworthiness, and other irrational self-evaluations.
Healthy philautia is essential for any relationship; it is easy to recognize how the continuous infusion of healthy philautia into a SAD person supports self-positivity and interconnectedness with all aspects of interpersonal love. “One sees in self-love the defining marks of friendship, which one then extends to a man’s friendships with others” (Deigh,2001).
Self-worth and self-respect improve self-confidence, which allows the individual to overcome fears of criticism and rejection. Risk becomes less potentially consequential, and the playful aspects of ludus are less threatening. Self-assuredness opens the door to traits commonly associated with successful interpersonal connectivity—persistence and persuasiveness, optimism of engagement, and willingness to vulnerability.
A SAD person’s recognition of their inherent value generates the realization that they “are a good person who deserves to be treated with respect” (Ackerman, 2019). The philautia described by Aristotle “is a necessary condition to achieve happiness” (Arreguín, 2009), which, as we continue down the classical Greek path, is eudemonic. “To feel joy and fulfillment at being you is the experience of philautia” (Jericho, 2015). In the words of positive psychologist Stephen (2019), eudaimonia:
describes the notion that living in accordance with one’s daimon, which we take to mean ‘character and virtue,’ leads to the renewed awareness of one’s ‘meaning and purpose in life.’
Aristotle touted the striving for excellence as humanity’s inherent aspiration (Kraut,2018). He described eudaimonia as “activity in accordance with virtue” (Shields, 2015). Eudaimonia reflects the best activities of which man is capable. The word eudaimonia reflects personal and societal well-being as the chief good for man. “The eudaimonic approach … focuses on meaning and self-realization and defines well-being in terms of the degree to which a person is fully functioning” (Ryan & Deci, 2001). It is through recognition of one’s positive self-qualities and their potential productive contribution to the general welfare that one rediscovers the intrinsic capacity for love.
Let us view this through the symbolism of Socrates’ tale of the Cave (Plato, 1992). In it, we discover SAD persons chained to the wall. Their perspectives are generated from the shadows projected by the unapproachable light outside the cave. They name these maladaptive self-beliefs as useless, incompetent, timid, ineffectual, ugly, insignificant, and stupid.
The prisoners have formed a subordinate dependency on their surroundings and resist any other reality until, one day, they find themselves loosed from their bondage and emerge into the light. Like the cave dwellers, the SAD person breaks away from maladaptive self-beliefs into healthy philautia ’s positive self-qualities, which encourage and support connectivity to all forms of interpersonal love.
A study published in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (Hulme et al., 2012) looked at the effect of positive self-images on self-esteem in the SAD person. Eighty-eight students were screened with the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS) and divided between the low self-esteem group and the high self-esteem group. The study had two visions. The first was to study the effect of positive and negative self-appraisal on implicit and explicit self-esteem. The second was to investigate how positive self-beliefs would affect the negative impact of social exclusion on explicit self-esteem and whether high socially anxious participants would benefit as much as low socially anxious participants.
The researchers used a variety of measures and instruments. The Social Interaction Anxiety Scale is standard in SAD therapy and CBT workshops; the Implicit Association Test reveals the strength of the association between two different concepts. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale is a ten-item self-report measure of explicit self-esteem, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait (STAI-T) is a 20-item scale that measures trait anxiety, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) is a self-report scale measuring depression, anxiety, and general distress:
Social exclusion is inherently aversive and reduces explicit self-esteem in healthy individuals … the effect of exclusion has been measured in terms of its impact on positive affect and on four fundamental need scores (self-esteem, control, belonging, and meaningful existence) which contribute to psychological well-being. (Hulme et al., 2012)
The study’s results were consistent with evidence that was based on implicit self-esteem in other disorders; it found that negative self-imagery reduces positive implicit self-esteem in both high and low socially anxious participants. It provided supporting evidence of the effectiveness of promoting positive self-beliefs over negative ones, “because these techniques help patients to access a more positive working self” (Hulme et al., 2012). It also demonstrated that positive self-imagery maintained explicit self-esteem even in the face of social exclusion.
It is one of the best investments I have made in myself, and I will continue to improve and benefit from it for the rest of my life. – Nick P.
Conclusion
For 25 years, since the appearance of SAD in DSM-IV, the cognitive-behavioral approach has reportedly been effective in addressing social anxiety disorder. It is structurally sound and would conceivably remain the foundation for future programs. However, it is not the therapeutic panacea it claims to be. Productive cognitive-behavioral approaches emphasize replacing SAD’s automatic negative thoughts and behaviors (ANTs) with automatic rational ones (ARTs). As defined by UCLA psychologists Hazlett-Stevens and Craske (2002), CBT:
approaches treatment with the assumption that a specific central or core feature is responsible for the observed symptoms and behavior patterns experienced (i.e., lawful relationships exist between this core feature and the maladaptive symptoms that result). Therefore, once the central feature is identified, targeted in treatment, and changed, the resulting maladaptive thoughts, symptoms, and behaviors will also change.
Clinicians and researchers have reported the lack of a precise, diagnostic definition for social anxiety disorder; features overlap and are comorbid with other mental health problems (ADAA, 2019a; Tsitsas & Paschali, 2014). Experts cite substantial discrepancies and disparities in the definition, epidemiology, assessment, and treatment of SAD (Nagata et al., 2015). More specifically, according to a study published in the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (Alden et al., 2018), “there is not enough attention paid in the literature to the ability to function in the close relationships” required for interpersonal love.
Standard CBT also lacks methodological clarity. Johnsen and Friborg (2015) cite the various forms of CBT used in studies and therapy over the years. Experts point to two predominant types of CBT: “the unadulterated CBT created by Beck and Ellis, which reflects the protocol-driven, highly goal-oriented, more standardized approach they first popularized” and the more integrative and collaborative approaches of “modern” CBT (Wong et al., 2013). This study maintains that neither faction should be ignored if we are to effectively address the complexities of positive self-qualities and their importance to the individual’s psychological well-being.
The deficit of positive self-qualities in individuals impaired by SAD’s symptomatic culture of maladaptive self-appraisal and the interruption of the natural course of human motivational development is a new psychological concept in our evolving conscious complexity. Cognitive-behavioral therapies focus on resolving negative self-imaging through programs of thought and behavior modification.
Positive self-quality in healthy philautia is not a new concept; it was discussed in symposia almost two-and-a-half centuries ago. However, the psychological ramifications and methods to address it are in their formative stages. There is a need for innovative psychological and philosophical research to address the broader implications of healthy philautia’s positive self-qualities, which could deliver the potential for self-love and societal concern to the SAD person, opening the bridge to procuring all forms of interpersonal love.
Kashdan et al. (2011) cite the “evidence that social anxiety is associated with diminished positive experiences, infrequent positive events, an absence of positive inferential biases in social situations, fear responses to overtly positive events, and poor quality of life.” Models of CBT that attempt only to reduce the individual’s avoidance behaviors would benefit from addressing, more specifically, the relational deficits that such people experience, as well as positive psychological measures to counter SAD’s culture of maladaptive self-beliefs. Non-traditional and supported approaches, including those defined as new third-wave (generation) therapies, with CBT serving as the foundational platform for integration, would widen the scope and perspective in comprehending SAD’s evolving intricacies.
One such step is the integration of positive psychology within the cognitive-behavioral therapy model which “despite recent scientific attention to the positive spectrum of psychological functioning and social anxiety/SAD … has yet to be integrated into mainstream accounts of assessment, theory, phenomenology, course, and treatment” (Kashdan et al., 2011). CBT would continue to modify automatic maladaptive self-beliefs, thoughts, and behaviors, and positive psychology would replace them with positive self-qualities.
Training in prosocial behavior and emotional literacy are valuable supplements to typical interventions. Behavioral exercises can be used to practice the execution of considerate and generous social skills. Positive affirmations have enormous subjective value as well. Data provide evidence for mindfulness and acceptance-based interventions, where the goal is not only to respond to the negativity of maladaptive self-beliefs but to pursue positive self-qualities despite unwanted negative thoughts, feelings, images, or memories. Castella et al. (2014) suggest motivational enhancement strategies to help clients overcome their resistance to new ideas and concepts.
Ritter et al. (2013) tout the benefits of positive autobiography to counter SAD’s association with negative experiences, and self-monitoring helps SAD persons recognize and anticipate their maladaptive self-beliefs (Tsitsas & Paschali, 2014). Finally, the importance of considering the “nuanced and unique dynamics inherent in the relationships among emotional expression, intimacy, and overall relationship satisfaction for socially anxious individuals” should be thoroughly considered (Montesi et al., 2013). As positive psychology focuses on the broader spectrum of philautia ’s positive self-qualities, integration with CBT’s behavior modification, neuroscience’s network restructuring, and other non-traditional and supported approaches would establish a working platform for discovery.
Competing Interest Declaration
The author(s) has no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this manuscript.
WHY IS YOUR SUPPORT SO NECESSARY AND ESSENTIAL? ReChanneling develops and conducts programs to alleviate the symptoms of social anxiety and help individuals tap into their innate potential for extraordinary living. Our unique approach focuses on understanding personality through empathy and collaboration, integrating neuroscience and psychology. This includes proactive neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral modification, positive psychology, and techniques designed to reclaim and rebuild self-esteem. Every contribution, no matter the size, supports individuals striving to make a positive change in their own lives and the lives of others. All donations go towards scholarships for groups and workshops.
INDIVIDUAL RECOVERY. The symptoms of social anxiety make it challenging for some to participate in a collective workshop. Dr. Mullen works one-on-one with a select group of individuals uneasy in a group setting. ReChanneling offers scholarships to accommodate the costs. What is absent in group activities is provided in our monthly Graduate Recovery Group. In this supportive community, graduates interact with others who have completed the program. Contact ‘rmullenphd@gmail.com’.
Committing to recovery is one of the hardest things you will ever do. It takes enormous courage and the realization that you are of value, consequential, and deserving of happiness.
For each new subscriber, ReChanneling donates $25 for workshop scholarships.
Social Anxiety’s Failure to Establish, Develop, and Maintain Healthy Relationships: AI Generated: Relationships
The distinction between social anxiety and social anxiety disorder is in severity. We are not all affected by the same symptoms or relentlessness. The characteristics and traits are equivalent. These conditions originate homogeneously, their trajectories differentiated by environment, experience, and the diversity of human thought and behavior. While comorbidities dramatically benefit, the recovery methods identified are for social anxiety and social anxiety disorder, and reference to one includes the other.
I recognize that I have fallen behind on my weekly posts. We have been finalizing editing of our upcoming book, A Survivor’s Common-Sense Approach to Recovery from Social Anxiety, which goes to the publisher next week. Accounting for the average four-month schedule to get to print, we hope to make this book available sometime in the spring.
Social Anxiety’s Failure to Establish, Develop, and Maintain Healthy Relationships. Part I
From C.-H. Mayer and E. Vanderheiden (eds), International Handbook of Love. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. 10.1007/978-3-031-76665-7_59-1
Abstract
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common psycho-physiological malfunctions. Affecting the emotional and mental well-being of over 15 million US adults who find themselves caught up in a densely interconnected network of fear and avoidance of social situations. These observations provide insights into the relationship deficits experienced by people with SAD. Their innate need for intimacy is just as dynamic as that of any individual. Still, their impairment disrupts the ability (means of acquisition) to establish affectionate bonds in almost any capacity. The spirit is willing, but competence is insubstantial. The means of acquisition and how SAD symptomatically disrupts them are the context of this research.
Notwithstanding overwhelming evidence of social incompatibility, there is hope for the startlingly few SAD individuals who commit to recovery. Integrating positive psychology’s optimum human functioning with CBT’s behavior modification, neuroscience’s network restructuring, and other supported and non-traditional approaches can establish a working platform for discovery, opening the bridge to procuring forms of intimacy previously inaccessible.
Keywords: Love -Social anxiety disorder -Intimacy –Philautia -Relationships
Social Anxiety Disorder
The distinction between social anxiety and social anxiety disorder is in severity. We are not all affected by the same symptoms or relentlessness. The characteristics and traits are equivalent. These conditions originate homogeneously, their trajectories differentiated by environment, experience, and the diversity of human thought and behavior. While comorbidities dramatically benefit, the recovery methods identified are for social anxiety and social anxiety disorder, and reference to one includes the other.
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is the second most commonly diagnosed form of anxiety in the United States (MHA, 2019). The Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA, 2019a) estimates that roughly 15 million (7%) American adults currently experience its symptoms. Ritchie and Roser (2018) report 284 million SAD persons, worldwide, and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, 2017) reports that 31.1% of US adults experience some anxiety disorder at some time in their lives. Global statistics are subject to “differences in the classification criteria, culture, and gender” (Tsitsas & Paschali, 2014) and “in the instruments used to ascertain diagnosis” (NCCMH, 2013).
Studies in other Western nations (e.g., Australia, Canada, Sweden) note similar prevalence rates as in the USA. As do those in culturally westernized nations such as Israel. Even countries with strikingly different cultures (e.g., Iran) note evidence of social anxiety disorder (albeit at lower rates) among their populace. (Stein & Stein, 2008)
SAD is the most common psychiatric disorder in the United States after major depression and alcohol abuse (Heshmat, 2014). It is also arguably the most underrated and misunderstood. A “debilitating and chronic” psychophysiological affliction (Castella et al., 2014), SAD “wreaks havoc on the lives of those who suffer from it” (ADAA, 2019a).
SAD attacks all fronts, negatively affecting the entire body complex, delivering mental confusion (Mayoclinic,2017b), emotional instability (Castella et al., 2014; Yeilding, 2017), physical dysfunction (NIMH, 2017; Richards, 2019), and spiritual malaise. Emotionally, persons experiencing SAD feel depressed and lonely (Jazaieri et al., 2015). Physically, they are subject to unwarranted sweating and trembling, hyperventilation, nausea, cramps, dizziness, and muscle spasms (ADAA, 2019a; NIMH, 2017). Mentally, thoughts are discordant and irrational (Felman, 2018; Richards, 2014). Spiritually, they define themselves as inadequate and insignificant (Beck, 2021).
The National Institute of Mental Health estimates that 9.1% of adolescents experience social anxiety disorder, and 1.3% have severe impairment (NIMH, 2017). The onset of SAD is generally considered “to take place between the middle and late teens” (Tsitsas & Paschali, 2014). Like other pathogens, SAD can remain dormant for years before symptoms materialize. Any number of situations or events trigger the initial contact. It may be hereditary, environmental, or the result of some traumatic experience.
SAD is randomly misdiagnosed (Richards,2019), and the low commitment to recovery (Shelton, 2018) suggests a reticence by those infected to recognize and/or challenge their malfunction. Roughly 5% of SAD individuals commit to early recovery, reflective of symptoms that manifest maladaptive self-beliefs of insignificance and futility. Grant et al. (2005) speculate that “about half of adults with the disorder seek treatment,” but that is after 15–20 years of experiencing the condition (Ades & Dias, 2013).
Resistance to new ideas and concepts transcends those of other emotional malfunctions and is justified by:
General public cynicism
Self-contempt by the afflicted, generated by maladaptive self-appraisal
Ignorance or ineptitude of mental health professionals
Real or perceived social stigma
The natural physiological aversion to change
Many motivated toward recovery are unable to afford treatment due to SAD-induced “impairments in financial and employment stability” (Gregory et al., 2018). The high percentage of jobless people experiencing social anxiety disorder in the United States is related to “job inefficiency and instability” (Felman, 2018), greater absenteeism, job dissatisfaction, and/or frequent job changes. “More than 70% of social anxiety disorder patients are in the lowest economic group” (Nardi, 2003).
Dr. Mullen is doing impressive work helping the world. He is the pioneer of proactive neuroplasticity, utilizing DRNI – deliberate, repetitive, neural information. – WeVoice (Madrid, Málaga)
According to leading experts, the high percentage of SAD misdiagnoses is due to “substantial discrepancies and variation in definition, epidemiology, assessment, and treatment” (Nagata et al.,2015). The Social Anxiety Institute (Richards, 2019) reports that among patients with generalized anxiety, an estimated 8.2% had the condition, but just 0.5% were correctly diagnosed.
Social anxiety disorder is a pathological form of everyday anxiety. The clinical term “disorder” identifies extreme or excessive impairment that negatively affects functionality. Feeling anxious or apprehensive in certain situations is normal. Most individuals are nervous speaking in front of a group and anxious when pulled over on the freeway. The typical individual recognizes the ordinariness of a situation and accords it appropriate attention. The SAD person anticipates it, takes it personally, dramatizes it, and obsesses on its negative implications (Richards, 2014).
SAD’s culture of maladaptive self-beliefs (Ritter et al.,2013) and negative self-evaluations (Castella et al., 2014) aggravate anxiety and impede social performance (Hulme et al., 2012). “Patients with SAD often believe they lack the necessary social skills to interact normally with others” (Gaudiano & Herbert, 2003). Maladaptive self-beliefs are distorted reflections of a condition or situation, often accepted as accurate.
Maladaptive means we do not adapt to certain fears, thus amplifying our distress. The co-founder of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), Aaron Beck, provides three types of maladaptive self-beliefs responsible for persistent social anxiety. Core beliefs are enduring fundamental understandings, often formed in childhood and solidified over time. Because SAD persons “tend to store information consistent with negative beliefs but ignore evidence that contradicts them, [their] core beliefs tend to be rigid and pervasive” (Beck, 2011).
Automatic negative thoughts are immediate, involuntary, anxiety-provoking thoughts, emotions, and images that occur in anticipation of or reaction to a feared situation. They are the unpleasant, self-defeating expressions of our negative self-appraisal that define who we think we are, who we think others think we are, and how we express our fears and anxieties. They are borne of our negative and intermediate core beliefs and the onset of our disorder:
Negative self-images reported by patients with social anxiety disorder reflect a working self that is retrieved in response to social threat and which is characterised by low self-esteem, uncertainty about the self, and fear of negative evaluation by others. (Hulme et al.,2012)
Halloran and Kashima (2006) define culture as “an interrelated set of values, tools, and practices that is shared among a group of people who possess a common social identity.” As the third largest mental healthcare problem in the world (Richards, 2019), social anxiety disorder is culturally identifiable by the victims’ “marked and persistent fear of social and performance situations in which embarrassment may occur” and the anticipation that “others will judge [them] to be anxious, weak, crazy, or stupid” (APA, 2017).
Although studies evidence “culture-specific expression of social anxiety” (Hoffman et al., 2010), SAD “is a pervasive disorder and causes anxiety and fear in almost all areas of a person’s life” (Richards, 2019). SAD affects the “perceptual, cognitive, personality, and social processes” of the afflicted, who find themselves caught up in “a densely interconnected network of fear and avoidance of social situations” (Heeren & McNally, 2018).
Often, mere functionality in perfunctory situations—eating in front of others, riding a bus, and using a public restroom—can be unduly stressful (ADAA, 2019a; Mayoclinic, 2017b). This overriding fear of being found wanting manifests in perspectives of incompetence and worthlessness (Richards, 2019).
SAD individuals are unduly concerned that they will say something that will reveal their ignorance, whether perceptual or otherwise (Ades & Dias, 2013). They walk on eggshells, supremely conscious of their awkwardness, surrendering to the gaze—the anxious state of mind that comes with the maladaptive self-belief they are the center of attention (Felman, 2018; Lacan, 1978). Their movements can appear hesitant and awkward, small talk clumsy, attempts at humor embarrassing, and every situation reactive to negative self-evaluation (ADAA, 2019a; Bosche, 2019).
Persons experiencing SAD are apprehensive of potential “negative evaluation by others” (Hulme et al.,2012), concerned about “the visibility of anxiety, and preoccupation with performance or arousal” (Tsitsas & Paschali, 2014). SAD persons frequently generate images of themselves performing poorly in feared social situations (Hirsch & Clark, 2004; Hulme et al., 2012), and their anticipation of repudiation motivates them to dismiss overtures to offset any possibility of rejection (Tsitsas & Paschali, 2014).
SAD is repressive and intractable, imposing irrational thought and behavior (Richards, 2014; Zimmerman et al., 2010). It establishes its authority through its subjects’ defeatist measures produced by distorted and unsound interpretations of actuality that govern perspectives of personal attractiveness, intelligence, competence, and other errant beliefs (Ades & Dias, 2013). SAD individuals:
crave the company of others but shun social situations for fear of being found out as unlikeable, stupid, or annoying. Accordingly, they avoid speaking in public, expressing opinions, or even fraternizing with peers … People with social anxiety disorder are typified by low self-esteem and high self-criticism. (Stein & Stein, 2008)
Anxiety and related disorders are branches of the same tree. “There is a significant degree of comorbidity between social anxiety disorder and other mental health problems, most notably depression (19%), substance-abuse disorder (17%), GAD [generalized anxiety disorder] (5%), panic disorder (6%), and PTSD (3%)” (Tsitsas & Paschali,2014).
The Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA, 2019a) includes many emotional and mental disorders related to, components of, or a consequence of social anxiety disorder, including avoidant personality disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, depression, substance abuse, eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia.
While there is less evidence of strong comorbidity with most personality disorders, there are symptomatic similarities. Personality disorders involve long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that are unhealthy and inflexible. “The behaviors cause serious problems with relationships and work. People with personality disorders have trouble dealing with everyday stresses and problems” (UNLM,2018).
Personality reflects deep-seated patterns of behavior affecting how individuals “perceive, relate to, and think about themselves and their world” (HPD,2019). A personality disorder denotes a “rigid and unhealthy pattern[s] of thinking, functioning and behaving,” which potentially leads to “significant problems and limitations in relationships, social activities, work and school” (Castella et al., 2014).
A recent article in Scientific American speculates that “mental illnesses are so common that almost everyone will develop at least one diagnosable mental disorder at some point in their life” (Reuben & Schaefer, 2017).
SAD and Interpersonal Love
In unambiguous terms, the desire for love is at the heart of social anxiety disorder (Alden et al., 2018). Interpersonal love relates to communications or relationships of love between or among people. The diagnostic criteria for SAD, outlined in the DSM-V (APA, 2017), include “Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others.”
SAD persons find it difficult to establish close, productive relationships (Castella et al., 2014; Fatima et al., 2018). Their avoidance of social activities limits the potential for comradeship (Desnoyers et al., 2017; Tsitsas & Paschali, 2014), and their inability to interact rationally and productively (Richards, 2014; Zimmerman et al., 2010) makes long-term, healthy relationships unlikely. SAD persons frequently demonstrate significant impairments in friendships and intimate relationships (Castella et al., 2014). According to Whitbourne (2018), SAD persons’:
avoidance of other people puts them at risk of feeling lonely, having fewer friendships, and being unable to take advantage of the enjoyment of being with people who share their hobbies and interests.
There is a death of research directly investigating the relationship between SAD and interpersonal love (Montesi et al.,2013; Read et al., 2018). A study on friendship quality and social anxiety by Rodebaugh et al. (2015) notes the lack of relative quality studies, and Alden et al. (2018) report on the lack of attention paid to the SAD person’s inability or refusal to function in close relationships. The few existing studies report that the SAD person exhibits inhibited social behavior, shyness, lack of assertion in group conversations, and feelings of inadequacy while in social situations (Darcy et al., 2005).
This dominant culture of maladaptive self-beliefs results in the tendency to avoid new people and experiences, making the development of “adequate and close relationships (e.g., family, friends, and romantic relationships)” extremely challenging (Cuming & Rapee, 2010). Experiencing social anxiety disorder translates to less trust and perceived support from close interpersonal relationships (Topaz, 2018).
Although intimately related, the desire for love and the means of acquisition are binary operations. Most forms of interpersonal love require the successful collaboration of wanting and obtaining. The desire for love is the non-consummatory component of Freud’s eros life instinct (Abel-Hirsch,2010). The means of acquisition are the methods and skills required to complete the transaction. Techniques that vary depending upon the type of love.
Let us visualize love as a bridge, with desire (thought) at one end and acquisition at the other. The span is the means of acquisition (behavior). The SAD person cannot get from one side to the other because the means of acquisition are structurally deficient (Desnoyers et al., 2017; Tsitsas & Paschali, 2014). They grasp the fundamental concepts of interpersonal love and are presented with opportunities. But lack the skills to close the deal. Painfully aware of the tools of acquisition, they cannot seem to operate them.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy purposed for SAD is typically conceptualized as a short-term, skills-oriented approach aimed at exploring relationships among a person’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors while changing the culture of maladaptive self-beliefs into productive, rational thought and behavior (Richards,2019). CBT focuses on “developing more helpful and balanced perspectives of oneself and social interactions while learning and practicing approaching one’s feared and avoided social situations over time” (Yeilding, 2017).
Almost 90% of the approaches empirically supported by the “American Psychological Association’s Division 12 Task Force on Psychological Interventions” involve cognitive-behavioral treatments, according to Lyford (2017). “Individuals who undergo CBT show changes in brain activity, suggesting that this therapy improves your brain functioning as well” (NAMI, 2019).
Recent meta-analytic evidence suggests that CBT as an effective treatment for SAD compares favorably with other psychological and pharmacological treatment programs (Cuijpers et al.,2016). However, there is no guarantee of success, and standard CBT is imperfect (David et al., 2018). The best outcome someone experiencing SAD can hope for is the dramatic mitigation of symptoms through thought and behavior modification. And the simultaneous restructuring of the neural network, along with other supported and non-traditional treatments:
‘[M]any patients, although being under drug therapy, remain symptomatic and have a recurrence of symptoms,’ according to the Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. ‘40–50% are better, but still symptomatic, and 20–30% remain the same or worse.’ (Manfro et al.,2008)
Behavioral and cognitive treatments are globally proven methodologies. Multiple associations worldwide are “devoted to research, education, and training in cognitive and behavioral therapies” (McGinn, 2019). CBT Conferences (2019) are offered across the globe, “where knowledge transfer takes place through debates, round table discussions, poster presentations, workshops, symposia, and exhibitions.” David et al. (2018) credit CBT as the best standard currently available for the following reasons:
(1) CBT is the most researched form of psychotherapy. (2) No other form of psychotherapy is systematically superior to CBT in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and other disorders. If there are systematic differences between psychotherapies, they typically favor CBT. (3) Moreover, the CBT theoretical models/mechanisms of change have been the most researched and are in line with the current mainstream paradigms of the human mind and behavior (e.g., information processing).
The Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies (ABCT) is “a worldwide humanitarian organization” fostering the “dissemination of evidence-based prevention and treatments through collaborations with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)” (McGinn,2019). The World Confederation of Cognitive and Behavioural Therapies (WCCBT) is a global multidisciplinary organization promoting health and well-being through the scientific development and implementation of “evidence-based cognitive-behavioral strategies designed to evaluate, prevent, and treat mental conditions and illnesses” (ACBT, 2019).
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is arguably the gold standard of the psychotherapy field. David et al.(2018) maintain “There are no other psychological treatments with more research support to validate.” Studies of CBT have shown it to be an effective treatment for a wide variety of mental illnesses. Including depression, SAD, generalized anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, PTSD, OCD, panic disorder, and schizophrenia (Kaczkurkin & Foa, 2015; NAMI, 2019). However, David et al. (2018) suggest if the gold standard of psychotherapy defines itself as the best in the field, then CBT is not the gold standard. There is clearly room for further improvement, “both in terms of CBT’s efficacy/effectiveness and its underlying theories/mechanisms of change.”
The fault, however, does not lie with the methodology but with the abundance of therapists who believe that CBT is the golden panacea for all recovery. When the diversity of human thought and experience demands a collaboration of science, philosophy, and psychology. And philosophy, existentially defined, welcomes religious and spiritual insight.
A coalescence of science and east-west psychologies is essential to capture the diversity of human thought and experience. Science gives us proactive and active neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral self-modification, and positive psychology’s three waves of optimal functioning, which are Western-oriented. Eastern practices provide the therapeutic benefits of Abhidharma psychology and the overarching truths of ethical behavior. Individual targeted approaches and scales that focus on regenerating our self-esteem are crucial to recovery.
In her therapeutic sessions, CBT specialist Judith Beck (2021) incorporates techniques from acceptance and commitment therapy, compassion-focused psychotherapy, behavior therapy, Gestalt therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, person-centered psychotherapy, scheme therapy, psychodynamic therapy, schema therapy, and solution-based therapy, among others.
Lyford (2017) provides two examples of criticism. A 2013 meta-analysis published in Clinical Psychology Review comparing CBT to other therapies failed to “provide corroborative evidence for the conjecture that CBT is superior to bona fide non-CBT treatments.” An 8-week clinical study by Sweden’s Lund University in 2013 concluded that “CBT was no more effective than mindfulness-based therapy for those suffering from depression and anxiety.”
Another meta-analysis, conducted by psychologists Johnsen and Friborg (2015), tracked 70 CBT outcome studies conducted between 1977 and 2014. It concluded that “the effects of CBT have declined linearly and steadily since its introduction, as measured by patients’ self-reports, clinicians’ ratings, and rates of remission.” According to the authors, “Just seeing a decrease in symptoms,” he says, “doesn’t translate into greater well-being.” This is reflective of most one-size-fits-all approaches.
While this study recognizes CBT as the best foundation for addressing the SAD culture of maladaptive self-appraisal, it makes the point standard CBT alone is not necessarily the most productive course of treatment. New and innovative methodologies supported by a collaboration of theoretical construct and integrated scientific psychotherapy are needed to address mental illness as represented in this era of advanced complexity. A SAD person subsisting on paranoia sustained by negative self-evaluation is better served by multiple non-traditional and supported approaches. Including those defined as new (third)-wave (generation) therapies developed through client trust, cultural assimilation, and therapeutic innovation with CBT and positive psychology serving as the foundational platform for integration.
WHY IS YOUR SUPPORT SO NECESSARY AND ESSENTIAL? ReChanneling develops and conducts programs to alleviate the symptoms of social anxiety and help individuals tap into their innate potential for extraordinary living. Our unique approach focuses on understanding personality through empathy and collaboration, integrating neuroscience and psychology. This includes proactive neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral modification, positive psychology, and techniques designed to reclaim and rebuild self-esteem. Every contribution, no matter the size, supports individuals striving to make a positive change in their own lives and the lives of others. All donations go towards scholarships for groups and workshops.
INDIVIDUAL RECOVERY. The symptoms of social anxiety make it challenging for some to participate in a collective workshop. Dr. Mullen works one-on-one with a select group of individuals uneasy in a group setting. ReChanneling offers scholarships to accommodate the costs. What is absent in group activities is provided in our monthly Graduate Recovery Group. In this supportive community, graduates interact with others who have completed the program. Contact ‘rmullenphd@gmail.com’.
Committing to recovery is one of the hardest things you will ever do. It takes enormous courage and the realization that you are of value, consequential, and deserving of happiness.
Automatic Negative Thoughts: Why We Have Them and How to Alleviate Them
Excerpts from our upcoming book, A Tough Love, Common Sense Approach to Recovery from Social Anxiety, currently in final editing.
Automatic negative thoughts (ANTs) are the immediate, anxiety-provoking thoughts, emotions, memories, and images that occur when we are triggered during daily events and situations. ANTs reflect unpleasant and self-defeating expressions of our negative self-evaluation, affecting how we see ourselves, think others perceive us, and express these insecurities.
The question is, why are automatic negative thoughts so prevalent in social anxiety, and what can we do to alleviate their effect on our emotional well-being?
Our Neural Network
Our neural network, a complex system of interconnected nerve cells, circuits, and pathways, has the remarkable ability to adapt and change. This means we can continuously processinformation and respond favorably to our experiences, mitigating our self-sabotaging.
Social anxiety traps us in a cycle of fear and anxiety, hindering us from leading a normal life. We avoid opportunities to connect with others and the world around us. We are unduly conscious about how others perceive us and how we express that information.
Over the years, the metabolism of our brain has been inundated with an overabundance of adverse stimuli, but this does not mean we are destined to be trapped in a cycle of anxiety.
Despite its peculiar tendency to make traditional recovery efforts counterproductive, a robust awareness of the symptoms and traits of our condition provides a framework for reversing the lifelong path of emotional damage.
By examining the underlying causes and responding rationally, we can significantly reduce our social anxiety and create a brighter future.
You may be telling yourself all of that is well and good, but how did we get ourselves in this predicament in the first place? The following breaks down social anxiety’s negative trajectory, revealing how it developed into the irrational thoughts and behaviors we demonstrate daily
“Dr. Mullen is doing impressive work helping the world. He is the pioneer of proactive neuroplasticity utilizing DRNI – deliberate, repetitive, neural information.” – WeVoice (Madrid, Málaga)
The Trajectory of Our Belief System
Our belief system, which is the foundation of our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, shapes how we see and interact with the world. They are broken down into three primary, interactive patterns: core beliefs, intermediate beliefs, and automatic thoughts.
Core Beliefs
Core beliefs are our most deeply held attitudes about ourselves and others, shaped by our childhood caregivers, environment, and experiences. Attitudes are our initial ways of thinking and feeling about someone or something, and how we express those mental and emotional beliefs.
When we decline to question our core beliefs, we accept them as facts, ignoring evidence that contradicts them. Thus, we create or interpret situations that reinforce these beliefs. While deeply rooted and formed early in life, core beliefs are malleable, influenced by our intermediate beliefs. This flexibility of beliefs encourages an open-minded and receptive approach to change, as it means we can challenge and alter our core beliefs with new experiences and evidence.
Intermediate Beliefs
Intermediate beliefs act as a bridge between our core beliefs and automatic thoughts. Unlike core beliefs, they become more flexible through the acquisition of knowledge and awareness generated by further thought, experience, and the senses. Our intermediate beliefs profoundly influence our attitudes, rules, and assumptions.
Our attitudes are how our feelings, beliefs, and actions define our general evaluations of people, things, and concepts. Rules are guidelines or principles we believe must be followed to support our beliefs and actions.
Assumptions are the decisions defined by our rules. We accept these assumptions as accurate, but they are just subjective assessments of life developed by our attitudes, rules, and assumptions.
Our intermediate beliefs are the conduit to our automatic thoughts. Our trajectory from negative core and intermediate beliefs to the manifestation of our social anxiety adversely impacts the thoughts and behaviors we carry with us in social and performance situations.
Automatic Thoughts
As described, automatic thoughts, those quick, involuntary mental or emotional responses to triggers in our environment, are heavily influenced by our intermediate beliefs. These beliefs, which are shaped by our experiences, play a significant role in how we perceive ourselves and the world around us.
Our automatic negative thoughts (ANTs) sustained by our social anxiety define our adverse automatic feelings and emotions.
Emotions are our automatic neurological responses to stimuli, and feelings are our unconscious interpretations of those emotions. It’s crucial to actively recognize and examine the feelings that arise from an emotion. This awareness is a vital part of engaging with our mental processes and understanding the triggers of our automatic negative thoughts.
Understanding the core and intermediate beliefs behind our automatic thoughts is a powerful tool. For instance, if we were often chosen last for high school events, we might develop the intermediate belief that we are unlikable and incapable, rooted in a core belief of insignificance. Conversely, if were are the captain of the popular girls’ volleyball team, our automatic thought might be, ‘I am talented and popular.’
“It is one of the best investments I have made in myself, and I will continue to improve and benefit from it for the rest of my life.” – Nick P.
The Trajectory of Our Social Anxiety
Now that we’ve explained the evolution of our belief system, let’s explore the predictable, negative trajectory of our social anxiety. It starts with childhood disturbance.
Childhood Disturbance
We’ve discussed how childhood disturbance interferes with our optimal physical, cognitive, emotional, or social development. Stemming primarily from poor parental rearing (although environment and genetics may play a part), the disturbance fosters core beliefs such as abandonment, neglect, expendability, and inadequacy.
The disturbance may be a one-time occurrence or a series of events. It may be accidental or intentional, real or imagined. It is not the fault of the child, yet it greatly significantly influences our core beliefs, making the two mutually interactive.
Core Beliefs
Childhood Disturbance
Negative Core Beliefs
Negative Intermediate Beliefs
Automatic Negative Thoughts
SAD Onset
Social anxiety disorder commonly emerges during adolescence, typically around age thirteen, but it can also surface later in life. This delayed onset can sometimes lead individuals to believe they didn’t have social anxiety until their later years. However, the susceptibility to SAD ostensibly begins with childhood disturbance and manifests during early adolescence.
As I recall, I was fearless as an eleven-year-old, visiting the alleys and tenements of Skid Row searching for my father until I found him in a room with a dirty sink and no toilet. My social anxiety seemed to take hold in the summer before high school when I was thirteen, which supports the statistics.
The development of intermediate beliefs extends roughly from childhood through adolescence (roughly ages three through eighteen). Therefore, placing SAD onset between negative core beliefs and negative intermediate beliefs is not fully accurate, but reasonable.
Core Beliefs
Childhood Disturbance
Negative Core Beliefs
SAD Onset
Negative Intermediate Beliefs
Automatic Negative Thoughts
Situations
We understand a situation as a specific set of circumstances, including the facts, conditions, and events that affect us at a particular time and place. Our focus is on fear situations where we anticipate specific anxieties and worries will surface. These can vary widely and include social events, classroom settings, public swimming pools, beauty salons, and other common triggers for anxiety.
Each fear situation is as unique and subjective as the individuals experiencing it. By understanding these fear situations, we can better prepare for them.
Anticipated situations are those we know in advance will trigger our fears and anxieties. They may be one-time events, like a job interview or social gathering, or recurring events, such as a weekly class or everyday work setting.
Unexpected situations can catch us off guard, involving stress-inducing incidents such as a plumbing problem, an unanticipated guest, or losing a wallet.
By distinguishing between these two types of situations, we can better prepare ourselves to handle either scenario. For expected situations, we can strategize ahead of time to address our potential threats. This preparedness is a key tool in managing fear.
For unexpected situations, creating an emergency preparedness kit with practiced coping mechanisms is a practical reassurance.
To identify our expected fear situations, we ask ourselves several questions: Where are we when we feel anxious or fearful? What activities are we doing, and what thoughts might come up? What specific parts of the situation do we perceive as problematic? How do we feel physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially? What worries or concerns challenge us? What’s the worst outcome we believe could happen? What might we imagine could occur? Who or what do we avoid because of these feelings?
The situations that provoke our fears and anxieties obviously precede our automatic negative thoughts, and we have placed them appropriately on our chart.
Core Beliefs
Childhood Disturbance
Negative Core Beliefs
SAD Onset
Negative Intermediate Beliefs
Situation
Automatic Negative Thoughts
Triggers
A trigger is a psychological stimulus that evokes distressful feelings or memories and prompts an adverse emotional reaction or behavior. These triggers often originate from past experiences, incidents, observations, memories, images, and the behaviors of others.
It’s essential to acknowledge that even sensory reminders of a disturbance or traumatic event – such as sound, sight, smell, taste, or physical sensation – can trigger reactions, underscoring the profound impact of our past on our present responses.
For example, consider our toddler, Laura, from Chapter One, who developed core beliefs of insignificance and undesirability due to a lack of emotional support from her parents.
Years later, Laura’s difficulty making friends during high school lends credibility to her core and intermediate beliefs. Laura’s negative self-assessment is automatically triggered when a friend rejects her at a social event. She is consumed by automatic negative thoughts about her attractiveness and self-worth.
It’s important to recognize that automatic negative thinking is a common response to social anxiety and does not indicate personal weakness.
Automatic Negative Thoughts
As we defined at the beginning of this chapter, automatic negative thoughts (ANTs) are the immediate, anxiety-provoking thoughts, emotions, memories, and images that arise when we are triggered during everyday events and situations.
ANTs reflect unpleasant and self-defeating expressions of our negative self-appraisal, influencing how we view ourselves, think others perceive us, and how we express these insecurities.
These thoughts are irrational, self-defeating, and originate from our negative core beliefs, which are sustained by intermediate negative beliefs and our condition.
Fortunately, these self-sabotaging thinking patterns are not set in stone and can be replaced with self-affirming, productive thoughts that we actively develop during recovery, leading to a significant improvement in our emotional well-being.
Solutions
Triggers lead to the activation of our automatic negative thoughts (ANTs). Once we have a basic understanding of these triggers and the ANTs they generate, we can explore solutions.
Coping mechanisms are learned psychological tools and techniques that reduce anxiety and discomfort during stressful situations. These can be traditional or non-traditional methods to counteract our triggers, automatic negative thoughts, and behaviors that harm our emotional well-being.
These can include deep breathing exercises, mindfulness techniques, or even engaging in a favorite hobby. As we progress, we will learn to identify and practice situationally effective coping mechanisms in simulated and real-world conditions.
There are many coping mechanisms to choose from. Some will be personally effective and others will not. Some may work only once or in specific situations. We practice, analyze, and determine which mechanisms prove most subjectively effective, ensuring that each individual’s unique needs are met.
Our automatic negative thoughts are emotional reactions rooted in our negative core and intermediate beliefs, as well as the self-defeating symptoms of our condition. But we are not powerless against these ANTs. Understanding them and challenging them with reason and objectivity enables us to regain control over our thoughts and behaviors, fostering a sense of empowerment and capability.
The three most powerful coping mechanisms include grounding, which is focusing on our physical presence in the present moment to redirect anxiety; reframing, where we consciously and spontaneously choose a positive perspective over negative stimuli; and rational coping statements.
AI Generated Image
Rational Coping Statements
A rational coping statement is a logical, self-affirming response to automatic negative thoughts, intrusive thoughts, and other irrational or destructive self-assessments that threaten our emotional health. Once again, automatic negative thoughts are the immediate, involuntary, anxiety-provoking statements provoked by the thoughts, emotions, memories, and images that manifest when we are triggered.
For example, if we fear being criticized in a social setting, our intermediate thoughts might include, ‘I will be rejected,’ or ‘No one will talk to me.’ When triggered, these fears generate automatic negative thoughts, such as ‘I don’t belong here’ and ‘I am unwelcome.’
Remember, ANTs can be triggered by thoughts, emotions, memories, images, and sensory recall, but they stem from our core beliefs—like abandonment or detachment—that are reinforced by our negative intermediate beliefs.
It is crucial to recognize that our ANTs are not based on facts but on assumptions. An assumption is something we believe is true or likely to happen, but we have no proof (unless we’re mind readers or fortune tellers). Recognizing this can bring relief, as it reminds us that assumptions are generally inaccurate.
The ANTs, ‘I don’t belong here’ and ‘I am unwelcome’ are assumptions. We can effectively fight these assumptions by responding with rational coping statements. These statements, such as ‘I have every right to be here,’ or ‘I am deserving of acceptance and belonging,’ Are not just words. They are powerful tools that affirm our worth and dispel false beliefs, putting us back in control of our thoughts and emotions.
Remember, our anxieties are not real. They feel real but are intangible. Anxiety is an abstract idea; it has no power of its own. We create and nurture it, giving it strength and influence. This understanding puts us in the driver’s seat, reminding us that we are in control; anxiety is just a false projection that we can dismiss. It is a subjective, illogical projection, and we have the power to change it.
Devising Rational Coping Statements
First, we identify the situations that trigger our fears. Where do we feel anxious or scared? What activities are we involved in? What thoughts come up? Is it a networking event, speaking in front of a class, a social outing, a family dinner, or being in a public swimming pool? Everyone is different.
Next, we unpack the fears or anxieties associated with the situational triggers. What exactly is problematic? How do we feel physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually? What worries do we have? What’s the worst that could happen? What do we imagine might occur? Who or what do we avoid because of these feelings? What is being said or inferred?
From there, we unmask our corresponding ANTs. What negative messages do we tell ourselves when triggered? How do we express them? What involuntary emotional images or expressions do we experience? How do we negatively view ourselves during these moments?
Remember, our automatic negative thoughts are the immediate, involuntary, anxiety-provoking statements provoked by the thoughts, emotions, memories, and images that manifest when we are triggered. Statements such as ‘No one will talk to me,’ ‘I am unattractive,’ or ‘I will say something stupid.’
After thoroughly examining and analyzing our fear situations, triggers, associated fears, and corresponding ANTs, we generate rational coping statements. We know our fears and ANTs are irrational reflections of our negative self-appraisal. By examining and analyzing the reasons behind them, we view them in the context of the situation. Are they practical? Are they real or false assumptions? How would a confident, self-assured individual respond to them?
With this information, we devise rational coping statements to counteract or alleviate our ANTs.
Eventually, we will expose ourselves to our fear situations by confronting our associated anxieties and corresponding ANTs in real life. This exposure occurs after a suitable period of graded exposure – usually in a workshop or therapeutic environment – which involves gradually increasing the intensity of the fear situation to establish a comfort zone and familiarity with the prescribed tools and techniques.
Steps to Devising Rational Coping Statements
Identify Our Fear Situation
Unpack Our Associated Fear(s)
Unmask Our Corresponding ANT(s)
Analyze Our Associated Fear(s) and Corresponding ANT(s)
Generate Rational Coping Statements
Intrusive Thoughts
Not all thoughts are caused by specific situations or unexpected events. Intrusive thoughts are unpleasant thoughts, memories, or images that suddenly come into our minds without any clear reason. They tend to be strange, disturbing, repetitive, and difficult to dismiss.
While they can be linked to stressful situations, we differentiate intrusive thoughts from automatic negative thoughts, which are responses to specific situations, because intrusive thoughts appear out of nowhere, usually without identifiable triggers.
It’s important to remember that intrusive thoughts are common. They often produce disturbing and offensive images, such as violence, sexual explicitness, or socially inappropriate behavior. These are not reflections of our true selves, but rather dark fantasies that most of us have entertained at some point.
Some common examples of intrusive thoughts include thoughts of suddenly swerving your car into a crowd of people. Or tossing a brick through a store window at a rude salesclerk. Maybe we fantasize about shoplifting to see if we can get away with it. Or cheating on our significant other who has been dismissive.
It’s normal to experience intermittent intrusive thoughts. However, some can be especially difficult to manage. These might be repetitive thoughts that keep us awake at night. Or violent images that we can’t seem to shake off.
The unwanted and unexpected nature of intrusive thoughts sets them apart from other thoughts, worries, ruminations, or desires. These disturbing thoughts are often so opposite to our character and wishes that they can cause distress or disgust when we have them.
Other Negative Influences on Our Thinking
People experiencing social anxiety often cling to information that confirms their negative self-view while ignoring evidence that contradicts those beliefs. This behavior leads to cognitive biases—unconscious errors in thinking that distort how we perceive information, ultimately affecting the accuracy of our perceptions and decisions.
Adding to this problem is our inherent negativity bias. Humans are biologically predisposed to notice, react to, and remember negative stimuli more easily than positive ones. This tendency can worsen the symptoms of our condition.
We often expect the worst-case scenarios, anticipate criticism, fear ridicule and rejection, worry about embarrassing ourselves, and imagine undesirable outcomes. This pattern can create self-fulfilling prophecies, supported by behaviors that turn our negative predictions into reality.
WHY IS YOUR SUPPORT SO NECESSARY AND ESSENTIAL? ReChanneling develops and implements programs to (1) mitigate symptoms of social anxiety and related conditions and (2) pursue personal goals and objectives – harnessing our intrinsic aptitude for extraordinary living. Our paradigmatic approach targets the personality through empathy, collaboration, and program integration utilizing neuroscience and psychology, including proactive neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral modification, positive psychology, and techniques designed to regenerate self-esteem. All donations support scholarships for groups and workshops.
INDIVIDUAL RECOVERY. The symptoms of social anxiety make it challenging for some to participate in a collective workshop. Dr. Mullen works one-on-one with a select group of individuals uneasy in a group setting. ReChanneling offers scholarships to accommodate the costs. What is missed in group activities is provided in our monthly, no-cost Graduate Recovery Group. In this supportive community, graduates interact with others who have completed the program. Contact ‘rmullenphd@gmail.com’.
Committing to recovery is one of the hardest things you will ever do. It takes enormous courage and the realization that you are of value, consequential, and deserving of happiness.
Dear Subscribers, you are the backbone, heart, and soul of our organization. Your encouragement, wisdom, and support have been priceless to our growth and progress. We continue to build a meaningful and engaging relationship with those who need us and support us. The newsletter acts as a platform for your thoughts and contributions, showcasing your participation.
There is no newsletter for September. I am currently overwhelmed with refining the book and handling weekly edits for a tentative submission scheduled for the end of November. I am still negotiating with several publishers. Including Fulton Books, Palmetto, and McGilligan.
I will continue to publish our weekly article on the ReChanneling website but have postponed any additional recovery workshops until 2026. Of course, I continue my work with my long-term clients and am always available to assist you with any issues or consultation at ‘rmullenphd@gmail.com’.
Additionally, much of my internet information was hacked last week. Which required a flurry of setting new passwords and replacing a number of credit cards. Luckily, I keep most of my password info on a separate portable flash drive. However, some older info was still on Google Password without 2-step verification and/or Authenticator. It was Google Password that was hacked. Word of advice, use Google Password for inconsequential passwords, but keep important information on a separate portable, removable flash drive.
Thank you for your patience and understanding. Have a great month.
Dr. Mullen
Items you would like included in your newsletter can be emailed to me directly at rmullenphd@gmail.com, or you can complete the form below.
WHY IS YOUR SUPPORT SO NECESSARY AND ESSENTIAL? ReChanneling develops and conducts programs to alleviate the symptoms of social anxiety and help individuals tap into their innate potential for extraordinary living. Our unique approach focuses on understanding personality through empathy and collaboration, integrating neuroscience and psychology. This includes proactive neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral modification, positive psychology, and techniques designed to reclaim and rebuild self-esteem. Every contribution, no matter the size, supports individuals striving to make a positive change in their own lives and the lives of others. All donations go towards scholarships for groups and workshops.
Because of its broad interpretations, shame must be contextually defined by social anxiety. Shame is a highly distressing self-critical emotion caused by our negative self-appraisal and sense of self-worth. Due to social anxiety’s attributions, it is the conclusion that something is wrong with us.
Externally, we are defined by prejudice and misinformation. Public opinion, the media, and mental health stigma contribute significantly to our negative self-evaluation. Internally, we feel shame for our susceptibility to our condition (albeit unwarranted) and for experiencing our symptoms.
Like our fears and apprehensions, we can alleviate shame by identifying and invalidating its causes.
First, we are not responsible for its onset because susceptibility occurs before we cognitively comprehend the causes. Second, if we are experiencing it, then we are subject to its symptoms in some form or another. Where is the shame in that?
Although they correlate and coexist, shame is not the same as guilt. Guilt is the response to doing something wrong, such as remorse for hurting someone. On the other hand, shame is the perception of being wrong, such as feeling unworthy or inadequate. Understanding this distinction can help us navigate our emotions more effectively.
“Dr. Mullen is doing impressive work helping the world. He is the pioneer of proactive neuroplasticity utilizing DRNI – deliberate, repetitive, neural information.” – WeVoice (Madrid, Málaga)
Shame and Social Anxiety
Shame can be painful and incapacitating. It can make us feel powerless and acutely diminished. When we feel shame, we want to hide and become invisible. We withdraw from the world and avoid human connectedness. Shame is a prevailing symptom of our social anxiety, and feeling shame aggravates our condition. Until we rationally respond, we remain caught in an endless cycle of shame that alienates our emotional well-being.
However, treating shame as an unhealthy emotion without considering the positive aspects of the experience is a missed opportunity for emotional growth. Feeling shame is a natural component of being human. It can be revealing, cathartic, and motivational, promoting growth and self-awareness.
One of the positive aspects of shame is our moral recognition and analysis of right or wrong. For example, feeling shame after realizing we’ve hurt someone can motivate us to make amends and improve our behavior.
What is unhealthy is feeling shame for feeling shame. It’s crucial to accept our shame and resolve it without adding insult to injury.
Social anxiety is a common, universal, and indiscriminate experience, impacting roughly one in four adolescents and adults. This knowledge can normalize the experience and reduce shame, making us feel less isolated and more understood.
While we are not responsible for the susceptibility and onset of our condition, feeling shame is justifiable in our unwillingness to do something about it. The onus of recovery is on us, empowering us to take control of our journey.
“It is one of the best investments I have made in myself, and I will continue to improve and benefit from it for the rest of my life.” – Nick P.
Defense Mechanisms
It is common for individuals experiencing social anxiety to go to enormous lengths to remain ignorant of SAD’s destructive capabilities as if, by ignoring them, they do not exist or will somehow go away. We hide behind defense mechanisms such as denial (refusing to acknowledge the problem), compensation (overachieving in other areas to mask the anxiety), and projection (attributing our anxiety to others).
Notwithstanding, none of these defense mechanisms, designed to protect us from our fears and anxieties, are effective in the long term. Irrational thought patterns perpetuate our anxiety and depression. Rather than justifying our toxic thoughts and behaviors, they reinforce them.
The shame (and guilt) of knowing that we can dramatically mitigate that which has made our lives unbearable, yet we refuse to acknowledge our condition or take advantage of recovery, is untenable. Resistance, subconscious or otherwise, propagates our shame and other negatively valenced emotions. Rather than protecting us, it aggravates our negative neural feedback.
Negatively Valenced Emotions
‘Valanced’ is a psychological term that characterizes specific emotions that adversely affect our daily lives. When left unresolved, these adverse emotions, including shame, guilt, and resentment, not only negatively impact our psychological and physiological health but also hinder our social well-being and obstruct recovery. It’s crucial to address these emotions to avoid further damage.
Unresolved Shame is Reckless
Holding onto shame is not just a burden; it’s reckless. It’s a sign that we’re not prioritizing our emotional well-being and quality of life. We have the power to change, but if we choose not to, we’re only hurting ourselves.
The dichotomy we find ourselves in is that social anxiety disorder compels us to view ourselves as helpless, hopeless, undesirable, and worthless. That is its function and how it sustains itself. However, if we take steps to confront these attributions, we reclaim our power and control, feeling empowered and in charge of our recovery journey.
Blaming is a cognitive distortion that shifts the focus away from assuming responsibility. Social anxiety paints an inaccurate picture of the self in the world with others. Recognizing how we use cognitive distortions as subconscious strategies to avoid facing certain truths is crucial to recovery. SAD drives our illogical thought patterns. Years of self-reproach for our negative thoughts and behaviors can be overwhelming.
Understanding the dynamics of external and internal blaming in social anxiety disorder can bring a profound sense of relief. The compulsion to blame others occurs when the self-destructive nature of our shame, guilt, and resentment becomes unmanageable to our consciousness.Trapped within social anxiety’s cycle of pejorative self-appraisal, we see ourselves as victims. A victim needs someone or something to blame.
External Blaming
External blamingis when we hold others accountable for things that are our responsibility. For instance, we might blame a friend for not inviting us to a social event, when in reality, our social anxiety prevented us from attending. This is a form of external blaming.
Our defense mechanisms impel us to hold others responsible for what we are unable or unwilling to manage emotionally. We convince ourselves that others are responsible for the traits and symptoms of our condition. We seek external accountability rather than accepting responsibility for our actions. Example: We fail an exam and blame it on the alleged bias of the instructor rather than taking responsibility for not studying.
We displace or project our anger and frustration onto others or cognitively distort our perspective to justify our toxic thoughts and behaviors. Rather than accept the reality of our symptoms, we hold ourselves, relationships, parents, and higher powers responsible. Only by responding and reacting rationally, can we regain control.
InternalBlaming
Individuals experiencing SAD have significantly lower implicit and explicit self-esteem than healthy controls. Explicit self-esteem is measured by what we say about ourselves. Implicit self-esteem is gauged by automatic responses, such as how we associate favorable or unfavorable words and feelings with ourselves.
Our sense of inadequacy and inferiority compels us to overcompensate by taking on responsibility for situations or circumstances that do not necessarily implicate us. A dinner guest seems less than enthusiastic. Rather than considering reasonable alternatives, we blame it on our cooking or hosting skills. If our roommate has a personal issue, we immediately attribute it to something we said or did.
Especially pervasive in social anxiety disorder, self-blaming is a highly toxic form of emotional self-abuse. Even when mindful that we bear no responsibility for its origins, we tend to blame our behaviors on perceived character deficiencies and shortfalls rather than the symptoms of our disorder. We blame ourselves for our lack of commitment or failure to follow through. We blame ourselves for our inability to achieve our goals and objectives.
SAD thrives on our self-disparagement. Our symptoms cause us to self-characterize as stupid, incompetent, or unattractive. We blame ourselves when we avoid interacting out of fear of rejection. We convince ourselves that our opinions are irrelevant and that our social skills are deplorable.
Committing to Recovery
Recovery and self-empowerment necessitate shedding our negative self-perspectives, expectations, and beliefs. It’s about opening our minds to new ideas and concepts. When we cling to shame, we’re trapped in the past and our negative self-beliefs. But when we release these burdens, we liberate ourselves and pave the way for a brighter, more hopeful future.
Recovery Goal and Objectives
Committing to recovery is a monumental task that demands immense courage and strength. It’s a realization that we are valuable, consequential, and deserving of happiness. Social anxiety, with its relentless and manipulative nature, often tries to thwart this commitment. But when we muster the courage to dedicate ourselves to recovery, we reclaim our power, and SAD loosens its grip on us.
The primary goal of recovery from social anxiety is the mitigation of our irrational fears and anxieties. We achieve this through a three-pronged approach.
Replace or overwhelm our negative thoughts and behaviors with healthy, productive ones.
Produce rapid, concentrated positive stimulation to offset the abundance of negative information in our brain’s metabolism.
Regenerate our self-esteem and reintegrate into society through mindfulness and reinforcement of our character strengths, virtues, attributes, and achievements.
Unresolved shame impedes these objectives. Rather than alleviating our fears and anxieties, it exacerbates them. Shame adds to our neural pattern of negativity rather than mitigating it. Instead of regenerating our self-esteem, it erodes it.
WHY IS YOUR SUPPORT SO NECESSARY AND ESSENTIAL? ReChanneling develops and implements programs to (1) mitigate symptoms of social anxiety and related conditions and (2) pursue personal goals and objectives – harnessing our intrinsic aptitude for extraordinary living. Our paradigmatic approach targets the personality through empathy, collaboration, and program integration utilizing neuroscience and psychology, including proactive neuroplasticity, cognitive-behavioral modification, positive psychology, and techniques designed to regenerate self-esteem. All donations support scholarships for groups and workshops.
INDIVIDUAL RECOVERY. The symptoms of social anxiety make it challenging for some to participate in a collective workshop. Dr. Mullen works one-on-one with a select group of individuals uneasy in a group setting. ReChanneling offers scholarships to accommodate the costs. What is missed in group activities is provided in our monthly, no-cost Graduate Recovery Group. In this supportive community, graduates interact with others who have completed the program. Contact ‘rmullenphd@gmail.com’.
Committing to recovery is one of the hardest things you will ever do. It takes enormous courage and the realization that you are of value, consequential, and deserving of happiness.
I recently underwent hormone therapy and radiation for prostate cancer. In the hallway of San Francisco’s UCSF Medical Center cancer dept. hangs a ship’s bell. At the successful conclusion of my 28-day regimen, I was encouraged to give the bell cord a healthy tug. As the peals resonated throughout the department, roughly two dozen nurses, technicians, and other staff members crowded into the hallway, applauding, cheering, throwing confetti, and waving pom-poms. It is a tradition unlike any I have ever experienced.
I have been with UCSF Medical Center for two decades and have not met an unkind person or heard a discouraging word. I give as much credit to the warmth and kindness I was given, as the treatment.
I also completed my chapter, “Social Anxiety’s Failure to Establish, Develop, and Maintain Healthy Relationships,” for C.-E. Mayer and E. Vanderheiden’s latest academic anthology, Handbook of Love, Part 2, which Springer will publish early next year.
I rarely use the mundane expression ‘blessed,’ but I must make an exception for this holiday season.
